What device is required for pool pumps to protect against electrical faults?

The requirement for a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) for pool pumps stems from the need to protect against electrical shock hazards. GFCIs are designed to monitor the electrical current flowing through a circuit. If an imbalance occurs—indicating that some current is escaping to the ground (and potentially to someone who is in contact with the electrically conductive water)—the GFCI quickly disconnects the power, usually in less than a second.

In environments such as swimming pools, where water and electricity are in close proximity, the risk of electrical faults is significantly increased. GFCIs provide a crucial safety measure that helps to ensure that individuals using the pool or working with pool equipment are protected from hazardous situations.

While a Residual Current Device (RCD) is somewhat similar and serves a protective function, within the context of NEC Article 680, GFCIs are specifically mandated for pool pump circuits. Surge protectors and fuse boxes serve different roles focused on surge handling and circuit protection, respectively, and do not provide the same level of safety against ground faults as GFCIs do.