In the context of hydromassage bathtubs, which of the following needs to be bonded?

The bonding requirement for hydromassage bathtubs primarily concerns ensuring the safety of users by reducing the risk of electrical shock that can result from stray electrical currents. In this context, electrical receptacles must be bonded to create a low-resistance path to ground. This bonding helps ensure that if a fault occurs, such as a short circuit or insulation failure, the electrical current is redirected safely to ground, minimizing the risk of shock to anyone using the bathtub.

Bonding the electrical receptacles enhances the overall safety of the installation, as these receptacles are often located in wet areas where moisture increases the risk of electrical hazards. Proper bonding also helps in coordinating the operation of the ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI), which is crucial for protecting against ground faults and preventing electrocution.

Other elements, such as heating elements and pump motors, may have specific grounding requirements but are not primarily the focus of bonding in this context. Metallic mounting devices, while conductive, are typically not energized and are often integrated as part of the structure that supports the hydromassage system rather than being independently bonded in the same way that receptacles are required to be. Thus, the bonding of electrical receptacles stands out as essential for enhancing user safety in hydromassage